Tau kho qhov muag
Tau kho qhov muagCommunicationCntsag
Optical chips thiab hluav taws xob chips yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas txiav txim siab qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoos phis tawm.
Cov chips hluav taws xob thiab cov hluav taws xob sib txuas yog cov tub ntxhais sib ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag.
Hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, cov thev naus laus zis tau siv rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsuas hluav taws xob photoelectric. Raws li ntau hom, nws muaj peev xwm raug faib ua cov nquag optical chips thiab passive optical chips.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nquag siv tau muab faib ua cov laser chips (transmitter) thiab ntes chips (txais). Ntawm qhov kev xa cov ntawv kawg (laser nti), qhov khoos phis tawm xa hluav taws xob hloov lub teeb liab hluav taws xob mus rau lub teeb liab kho qhov muag; ntawm qhov tau txais kawg (ntes nti), lub teeb liab hluav taws xob tau txum tim rov qab mus rau lub teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab qhia rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev ua tau zoo thiab kev xa tawm ntawm lub kho qhov muag nti ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov kev sib kis ntawm cov kab ke sib txuas lus fiber ntau.
Tus nqi ntawm lub laser chips yog loj, thiab cov cuab yeej kev sib tw yog siab. Nws yog" hlaws" ntawm kho qhov muag chips. Raws li hom kev ua kom lub teeb ci, nws muab faib ua qhov nruab nrab thiab sab tawm ntawm sab nraud. Ntawm lawv, cov lasers saum npoo av yog qhov tseem ceeb VCSEL (kab noj hniav ua haujlwm zoo los tiv thaiv lasers); muaj ntau hom las-las-las, nrog rau FP (Fabry – Pérot, Fabry-Perot laser), DFB (Faib Cov Lus Taw Qhia Laser, muab cov lus taw qhia laser) Lasers) thiab EML (Electroabsorption Modulated Laser), cov tsoos FP laser me me tau maj mam nqaim zuj zus. lawv cov ntawv thov hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag vim muaj qhov poob loj thiab luv luv xa mus. Nws muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub ntxhais laser daim tawv: DFB thiab EML Thiab VCSEL.
(1) DFB yog qhov feem ntau siv ncaj qha kev hloov kho laser, uas yog ua raws li FP los ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog Bragg grating, kom lub laser siab monochromatic, txo kev ploj thiab nce qhov kev sib kis. Tam sim no, DFB lasers siv rau cov kis nruab nrab thiab ntev ntev. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb muaj xws li: FTTx nkag network, xaib network, chaw nres tsheb wireless, thiab sib txuas nrog sab hauv ntawm cov chaw zov me nyuam.
(2) EML lasers ntxiv cov ntawv nqus hluav taws xob (EAM) raws li cov ntsuas hluav taws xob sab nraud raws li DFB. Cov chirp thiab dispersion kev ua tau zoo dua DFB, thiab zoo dua rau kev sib kis ntev ntev. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm EML yog: kev ua haujlwm siab, kev sib tham ntev ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj rov qab, lub nroog thaj tsam thaj chaw thiab cov chaw sib txuas lus (DCI network).
(3) VCSEL muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev xaiv ntev ntev, kev tsim cov khoom sib txig, cov nqi qis thiab kev sib koom ua ke tau yooj yim, tab sis cov luminous kis tau nrug yog luv, haum rau kev sib kis luv luv li 500m. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb yog: cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (3D). A
Muaj ob yam ntawm cov khoom ntes: PIN (PN diode detector) thiab APD (avalanche diode detector). Lub qub muaj qhov tsis tshua raug siab, uas yog siv rau qhov chaw luv luv thiab nruab nrab, thiab tom kawg muaj qhov kub siab, uas yog siv nyob nruab nrab thiab ntev mus.
Ntawm ib sab tes, lub tshuab hluav taws xob nti kom pom tseeb kev txhawb nqa rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub khoos phis tawm ntawm lub khoos phis tawm, xws li LD (laser tsav tsheb), TIA (transimpedance amplifier), CDR (moos thiab cov ntaub ntawv rov qab Circuit Court), ntawm ib sab, kom paub lub zog kev hloov kho ntawm lub teeb liab hluav taws xob, xws li MA (lub ntsiab loj), Ntawm qhov tod tes, kom ua tiav qee cov teeb liab digital cov txheej txheem, xws li kev hloov kho, cov cim teeb liab tswj, kev hloov cov hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob sib luag / cov pa hluav taws xob, cov kev hloov pauv, thiab tseem muaj qee qhov cov kho qhov muag nrog DDM (Cov Kev Ntsuas Cov Khoom Siv Digital), sib haum nrog MCU thiab EEPROM. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau siv ua ke, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob chip cov tuam txhab feem ntau yuav qhia cov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom rau qee yam ntawm hom kho qhov muag.
Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov ua tsom iav lossis hluav taws xob nti, nyob ntawm cov khoom siv (cov txheej hauv qab), nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov pawg hauv qab no: indium phosphide (InP), gallium arsenide (GaAs), silicon-based (Si), lwm yam.:
Txheeb xyuas siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txawv: Thaum lub tshuab xa cov hluav taws xob kawg, lub teeb liab hluav taws xob raug hloov kho sab hauv lossis sab nraud los ntawm CDR, LD thiab lwm cov teeb liab ua cov nti, tsav lub laser chip kom ua tiav cov electro-optical hloov; ntawm qhov tau txais qhov kawg, lub teeb liab hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv mus rau hluav taws xob cov roj los ntawm lub tshuab kuaj kab hluav taws xob, Thiab tom qab ntawd cov kev hloov kho kom txawv txav tau ua los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm xws li TIA thiab MA, thiab thaum kawg cov teeb liab txuas hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg yog qhov tawm. Kev sib koom tes ntawm cov khoos phis tawm thiab cov hluav taws xob nti ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li kev sib kis tus nqi, kev faib tawm qhov sib txawv, thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub zog kho qhov muag, thiab yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kho qhov muag.
Cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tsis zoo muaj cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm siab thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv, yog li lawv qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov kho qhov muag tau kho BOM cov qauv tsim nqi. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaiv kho qhov muag feem ntau yog 40% -60%, thiab tus nqi hluav taws xob chips feem ntau yog 10% -30%. Qhov siab dua ntawm kev nrawm, qhov nqi siab ntawm high-end optical module hluav taws xob chips.